John l



J. L. CREVELING.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED APII. I9. I9II.

INVENTOR sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JOHN L. `(.BEVIE'ILING', 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SAFETY CABHEATING .AND LIGHTING COMPANY, A' CORPORATION OF- NEW JERSEY.

momo EEGUIQATION. j

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN L. CREvEmNc, a resident of the city, county,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Electric Regulations, as set forth in the annexed specilication anddrawing forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of electric regulation whereinadynamo or generator is automatically regulated to charge a storagebattery.-

My invention has for its particular object to provide means forautomatically charging a storage battery, the voltage of which remainssubstantially constant throughout charging and when in a chargedcondition and it is no longer necessary-to continue the full chargingrate.

Figure I of the drawing is a diagrammatic representation of one type ofsystem embodying the essentials of myy invention.

Fig. Il isa modification which may be made in the system of Fig. I.

In Fig. I, 1 represents a generator provided wlth the usual field coil 2which may be controlled as by the variable resistance 3 in this instanceindicated as of the carbon pile kvariety 4for sake of simplicity merely.4 -is a lever normally drawn in an upward direction as by the adjustablespring 5 in such manner as to tend to compress the carbon pile 3 andreduce the resistance thereof. The lever Ltis rovided 'at one extremitywith the core oi) magnetic material 6 and motion given to the said coremay, .therefore, regulate the resistance 8. 7 represents the positivelead of the generator which is carrled to one side of the switch 8 inthis instance indicated as of the usual automatic variety. The oppositeterminal of the switch 8 is connected with the main S)l communicatingwith the positive side of the storage battery 10 and the positiveterminals of the translating devices 1l. The translating devices 11 havetheir negative terminals connected with the lead 12 which is carriedthrou h the solenoid 13 to the negative brush o the generator.k Thenegative side of the storage battery 10 is connected with the lead 12through the adjustable resistance 14. From one side of the adjustableresistance '14 the Wire 15 is carried to one brush inconnection 'withthe armature 16, the op osite brush of which is connected to the lea 12in such manner that the ymeter n Specification of Letters Patent.Patented July 8, 1919.

' Appnnonalea April 19, 1911. serial No. 621,998.

armature 16 is in shunt around the adjustable resistance 14.- 18 is apermanent field magnet setting up a magnetic field. for the armature 16.The armature 16 is arranged to move very freely as, for example, carriedin pivot Vbearings as indicatedand is provided with a worm 19 engagingthe wormtremity of the arm 28. The arm 28 carries at one extremity acontact mem'ber 31 insulated therefrom and' adapted to cause electricalcommunication between the contact members 32 and 33. The contact member32 is connected lwith the lead 12 and the member 33 is connected as bythe wire 34: with one end of the high resistance solenoid 35, theopposite end of which is connected with the lead 7 as indicated. Theelectromagnetl 37 is placed in shunt across the battery 10 as by Wires88 and 39. 1

The operation of my invention is substantially as follows, referringparticularly to Fig. l:

If the switch 8 be closed and the generator running at a voltagesuliicient to supply current to the storage battery 10 and to the lampsor other translating devices and if 7, be the positive lead of thegenerator, current will flow through the lead 7, switch 8 and lead 9 tothe battery and return through adjustable resistance 14, lead 12A andsolenoid 13 to the generator. 1f any of the translating devices 11 be incircuit, current will flow through the same from the lead 9 to the lead12. I now so adjust the spring 5 'that when the desired maximum currentis delivered by the generator any appreciable increase in this currentwill draw the core 6 downwardly against the action of spring 5 in suchmanner as to increase the resistance 3 and prevent this desired maximumcurrent from bein exceeded. The current delivered to the attery andflowing through the adjustable resistance 14 will cause a difference ofpotential across the said resistance which will be a function of thecurrent flowing therethrough. This difference of potential will causecurrent to flow through wire 15, amature 16 and wire 17 around theresistance in a well-known manner and as the field magnet 18 provides aSubstantially constant magnetic field of uniform polarity, the directionof rotation of the armature 16 will depend upon the direction of thedifference of potential across the resistance 14 which, in turn, willdependV upon the direction of flow of current through the resistance 14Athat is, whether current be llowing into the battery or out of the same,and as the magnetic field of the armature 16 remains constant thevelocity of rotation of the armature 16 will be a function of the dropacross the resistance 14 and its direction of rotation will depend uponthe direction of the current through 14; therefore, the current abovetaken as flowing into the battery will cause the armature 16 to revolvein a given direction with a velocity dependent upon the value of saidcurrent. This rotation of the armature will revolve the worm 19 and thetrain of gears 20, 21, 22 and 23 and the friction hub 24, and T soarrange the connection of the armature 16 that when charging current isflowing to the battery, the direction of the rotation of the armature 16is such that the hub 24 moves in a clockwise direction and I so adjustthe spring 27 that if the batteries are at or above their normalvoltage, the current flowing fromY the lead 9 through the wire 39,magnet 37 and wire 38 attracts the lever 26 and holds the friction wheel25 in operative contact with the fricrent is delivered to the batterythe revolution of the armature 16 causes the friction wheel 25 to slowlyrevolve in counter-clockwise direction depending upon the currentdelivered to the battery and thus causes the lever 28 to approachcontacts 32 and 33 with a velocity dependent upon the current beingdelivered to the battery. If now the charging current vfall to zero, thearmature 16 will cease to revolve andthe lever 28 will remainstationary. 1f current be used from the battery the same will flowthrough the resistance 14 in an opposite direction from the chargingcurrent and cause the armature 16 to revolve in a reverse direc-tion andmove the lever 28 away from the contacts 32 and 33 with a velocitydepending upon the rate of current taken from lthe battery. If, ofcourse, the elciency of the battery were 100 per cent. and theperformance of its measuring devices theoretically erfect, then a givencharge delivered to t e battery would move the lever 28 a given distancein one direction and an equal discharge would move the lever back thesame distance in an opposite direction, and the charge of the batterycould be determined at any time by the position of the lever. However,as these conditions are far from met in practice, I so arrange the lever26 and its magnet 37 and spring 27 that when the voltage of the batteryfalls slightly below its normal voltage, the spring 27 may move thelever sufficiently to break the operative contact between the hub 24 andthe friction wheel and allow the lever 28 to resume the position shownin the drawing under the influence of spring 30. Therefore, if thecharging current be continued until the battery has had forced thereintothe desired charge and the contacts 32 and 33' so positioned that whenthis desired charge has been delivered to the battery the contact member31 will cause communication between 32 and 33 and then current will flowfrom the lead 7 through the solenoid 35, wire 34, contacts 33, 31, 32 t0the lead '12 and the coil 35 is so wound as to assist the coil 13 andlower the charging rate by lowering the current delivered by thegenerator inea well-known manner, and it is obvious that this; rate maybe cut down as much as desired by proper arrangement and proportioningof the coil 35. If. now current be taken from the batteryas, forexample, in case the translation circ-uit load be increased beyond thecurrent now delivered the generator, the current flowing from thebattery through the resistance 14 will cause the armature 16 to revolvein such direction as to move the lever 28 in a clockwise direction andafter moving in this direction 'the contact at 33-31-32 .will be brokenand the generator will deliver its full normal out- I put, land if thisbe more than the current tion hub 24. Therefore, as the charging cur--4consumed in the translating devices, current will again flow into thebattery and the lever 28 will be swung in a counter-clockwise directionwith a velocity dependent upon the rate of charge of the battery` and ifthis keep up long enough, the contact will again be completed and fthecoil 35 again brought into action, and if the current now be taken fromthe battery the lever 28 will be moved in a clockwise direction adistance dependent upon the amount of current taken from the battery andif this be only a short distance, not even approaching the positionshown in the drawing, and the charge of the battery be nearly or quiteexhausted this voltage will fall somewhat and this will allow the lever26 to be moved ina right-'handed direction by the spring 27 and thelever 28 will immediately assume the position shown in the drawingresettin `the measuring mechanism to deliver to t e battery its fullnormal charge before any diminution in its rate will be caused. It is,therefore, evident that this embodiment of my invention allows a givencharge to be delivered to the battery and that incoming and 4outgoing z;battery currents are integrated and if at any time, for any reason, lthebattery voltage shall fall slightly below the normal, the mechanism willreset to deliver to the battery a full normal charge before anydiminution in charging rate is caused, and therefore, this invention isapplicable to the economical charging of storage batteries having thecharacteristic of a strai ht line charging curve after the normal carging voltage is reached.

The operation of the modification shown in Fig. Il may bereadilyfollowed from the operation of Fig. I, the only alteration beingthat the solenoid 13 is in series with the storage battery and affectedonly by battery current in Fig. II, whereas the solenoid 1-3 in Fig. Ias above described is affected by a total generator output.

I do not 'wish in any way to limit myself to any of the details ofconstructions or exact mode of operation of my invention given in thisspecification, the aim of which is merely to describe one type of systemembodying .the essentials of my invention which is as set forth in thefollowing claims:

l. The combination with a generator; of a storage battery chargedthereby; and

means for automatically quantitatively controlling the chargeindependently of the voltage across said battery under certaincondi-tions and dependent upon the voltage of said battery under otherconditions.

2. The combination with a generator; of a storage battery chargedthereby; automatic means for controlling the generator; and meanswhereby said automatic means is affected by the quantitative chargedelivered to the battery independently of fiuctuations in the chargingvoltage, including means whereby the operation of the same is alsoaffected by the discharging voltage.

3. The combination with a generator; of a storage battery chargedthereby; automatic means for controlling the generator in series in thegenerator circuit; and means for varying the operation Aof saidcontrolling means depending upon the charge furnished to the battery,and including means for varying the operation of said controlling meansdependent upon the battery voltage.

4. The combination ywith a generator; of

a storage battery charged thereby; automatlc means for regulating thegenerator; mans for varying the operation of said regulating means inaccordance with current 5. The combination with a generator; of-

a storage battery charged thereby; a regulator for the generator;quantitatively metering means operated by current flowing into and outof the battery for affecting the generator regulator; and means wherebythe metering means is affected by changes in battery voltage.

6. The combination with a generator; of a storage battery chargedthereby; a regulat-or for the generator; 'quantitatively mctering meansoperated by current flowing into and out of the battery for affectingthe generator regulator; and means whereby the metering means isreadjusted by changes in battery voltage.

7 The combination with a generator; of a storage battery; a translationcircuit; a regulator for the generator; quantitative metering meansresponsive to the charging current from the generator to the battery andalso to the discharging current from the battery to the translationcircuit; and

means whereby said metering means may ter l y JOHN L. CREVELING.Witnesses:

CHAs. MCC. CHAPMAN, ANNA MARIE WALL.

